{"id":285,"date":"2020-03-15T12:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-03-15T11:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.revolucionpermanente.com\/turk\/?p=285"},"modified":"2021-02-05T16:10:47","modified_gmt":"2021-02-05T15:10:47","slug":"hindistan-irkci-modinin-musluman-karsiti-politikasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.revolucionpermanente.com\/turk\/2020\/03\/15\/hindistan-irkci-modinin-musluman-karsiti-politikasi\/","title":{"rendered":"Hindistan: \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 Modi\u2019nin M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 politikas\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"corps_texte\">\n<h3>K\u0131ta par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n siyasi par\u00e7alanmas\u0131 ba\u015ftan sona gericidir<\/h3>\n<p><quote class=\"citations\">D\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fteki kapitalizm taraf\u0131ndan ku\u015fat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan ve emperyalist \u00e7eli\u015fkilere saplanm\u0131\u015f geri kalm\u0131\u015f bir devletin istiklali ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olarak yar\u0131 hayali olacakt\u0131r, siyasi rejimi ise d\u0131\u015f bask\u0131 ve beynelmilel s\u0131n\u0131f \u00e7eli\u015fkilerinin etkisi ile muhakkak kendi halk\u0131na  kar\u015f\u0131 diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011fe d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fecektir. (Tro\u00e7ki, Emperyalist harp ve k\u00fcresel proleter ihtilal, 1940)<\/quote><br \/>\n<!--more--><br \/>\nEtnik ve dini b\u00f6l\u00fcnmeleri daima k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtm\u0131\u015f olan Britanya devleti eski \u201cHint \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019na\u201d ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 1947 senesinde verdi\u011fi vakit, yerel s\u00f6m\u00fcren s\u0131n\u0131flar (y\u00fckseli\u015fteki burjuvazi, toprak sahipleri), k\u0131ta par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131 birle\u015ftirmekten aciz kalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Milli burjuvaziye boyun e\u011fmek ile Britanya devletiyle aras\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczelmek iste\u011fi aras\u0131nda gidip gelen SSCB\u2019nin Stalinci b\u00fcrokrasisinin rehberlik etti\u011fi Hindistan Kom\u00fcnist Partisi\u2019nin siyaseti sebebiyle i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 istiklal i\u00e7in ve t\u00fcm bask\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadelenin ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>S\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci kuvvetin ayr\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan k\u0131ta par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm s\u00f6m\u00fcren s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131, bask\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131f olmak i\u00e7in ideolojik temel olarak dine yat\u0131r\u0131m yapm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r, ancak de\u011fi\u015fik seviyelerde:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>T\u00fcm k\u0131ta par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc almak isteyen Hindu burjuvazisinin en \u00f6nemli partisi yani Hindistan Ulusal Kongresi. Bu amaca ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in Kongre partisi laik, federalist ve hatta 2. Cihan Harbi\u2019nin sonras\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok burjuva milliyet\u00e7inin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi \u201csosyalist\u201d oldu\u011funu iddia etmi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00fcm Hindistan \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finde az\u0131nl\u0131kta kalmaktan korkan M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kapitalistler ile toprak sahiplerinin en \u00f6nemli temsilcisi olan M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Birlik a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ayr\u0131l\u0131k\u00e7\u0131 ve dincidir.<\/li>\n<li>Kongre, s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcrenlere tabi tutmak, sosyal ihtilal ile M\u00fcsl\u00fcman n\u00fcfusa kar\u015f\u0131 seferberlik sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in etnik temelde Hindu milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fine  yani \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011fa yat\u0131r\u0131m yapan Hindutva hareketinin rekabetine maruz kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>S\u00f6m\u00fcren s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n fraksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n aras\u0131ndaki rekabet, 1947 senesinde eski Hindistan \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun kanl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesine, 500000 ki\u015finin \u00f6lmesine ve 15 milyon ki\u015finin yerinden olmalar\u0131na (bir yandan Hindu ve Sihler, di\u011fer yandan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar) yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunun neticesi olarak her birinin kendi milli efsanesi bulunan ve her biri kendi etnik, dini ya da dilsel az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131na bask\u0131 uygulayan birbirlerine d\u00fc\u015fman \u00fc\u00e7 burjuva devlet ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Ekseriyeti Hindu olan Hint Birli\u011fi,<\/li>\n<li>B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olan Pakistan \u0130slam Cumhuriyeti,<\/li>\n<li>Ekseriyeti Budist olan Sri Lanka Demokratik \u201cSosyalist\u201d Cumhuriyeti.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>1949 ila 1952 senelerinde (ekonomik ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel alanlarda geri kalm\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n, Stalinci partinin bask\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ve bu partinin ayr\u0131cal\u0131kl\u0131 bir b\u00fcrokrasiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesinin s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131) bir sosyal ihtilal olan \u00c7in\u2019in aksine Hindistan k\u0131ta par\u00e7as\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr, kapitalizm \u00f6ncesi imalat ili\u015fkileri yer yer devam etmektedir, din adamlar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 art\u0131\u015fa ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir, kad\u0131nlar \u00e7ok az ve \u00e7ok yava\u015f \u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015fmi\u015flerdir\u2026 Hindistan burjuva devleti, dejenere i\u015f\u00e7i devleti SSCB\u2019den destek alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, Pakistan burjuva devleti ise hegemonya emperyalizmine bel ba\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7in b\u00fcrokrasisi, askeri tehdit ve ekonomik ablukay\u0131 hafifletmek i\u00e7in 1972 senesinde y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc birden Amerikan emperyalizmine d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u00c7in b\u00fcrokrasisi, Hindistan\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 Pakistan ile Sri Lanka\u2019y\u0131 desteklemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Pakistan ve Hindistan, beynelmilel anla\u015fmalara ra\u011fmen kendilerini n\u00fckleer silahlarla donatm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r (Pakistan 150-160, Hindistan ise 130-140 sava\u015f ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulundurmaktad\u0131r). B\u00f6lge istikrara kavu\u015famam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Hindistan ile Pakistan 1947, 1965 ve 1971 senelerinde sava\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r ;<\/li>\n<li>(O vakit b\u00fcrokratik bir i\u015f\u00e7i devleti olan) \u00c7in, 1962 senesinde Hindistan ile sava\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r;<\/li>\n<li>1971 senesinde Pakistan par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, Avami Birli\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilen do\u011fu k\u0131sm\u0131, Hindistan ile SSCB\u2019nin yard\u0131m\u0131yla Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri ile \u00c7in\u2019in yard\u0131m ettikleri Pakistan\u2019\u0131n geri kalan\u0131ndan kanl\u0131 bir harbin ard\u0131ndan ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: bunun neticesi olarak d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc bir burjuva devlet ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: resmi dini gene \u0130slam olan Banglade\u015f Halk Cumhuriyeti;<\/li>\n<li>1956 senesinde Sri Lanka Seylancay\u0131 tek resmi dil olarak dayatm\u0131\u015f, 1972 senesinde ise Budizm\u2019i devlet dini olarak kabul etmi\u015ftir, bask\u0131 g\u00f6ren Tamil az\u0131nl\u0131k (n\u00fcfusun %25\u2019i) ayaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara kar\u015f\u0131 ayr\u0131mc\u0131 tedbirler<\/h3>\n<p>Bat\u0131l\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck medya kurulu\u015flar\u0131 ile y\u00f6neticiler Hindistan\u2019\u0131 s\u0131kl\u0131kla d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck demokrasisi olarak g\u00f6sterirler. Halbuki Hindistan, burjuva demokrasisinin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda iyi bir misaldir. \u0130ki b\u00fcy\u00fck burjuva partinin yani Indian National Congress (Hindistan Ulusal Kongresi) ve Bharatiya Janata Party (Hindistan Halk Partisi, BJP) y\u00f6neticileri b\u00fcy\u00fck kapitalistler ile toprak sahipleri ile s\u0131k\u0131 ili\u015fkiler i\u00e7indedirler. Erkek egemenli\u011fi yayg\u0131nd\u0131r. Polis emek\u00e7ilere, dini az\u0131nl\u0131klara ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 kastlara \u015fiddet uygulamaktad\u0131r. Adalet sistemi bundan iyi de\u011fildir, alenen yozla\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve \u00f6nyarg\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Devrimciler, sendikalistler, sosyal bilim ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131, d\u00fcr\u00fcst gazeteciler, feminist militanlar ve ateistler bask\u0131 g\u00f6rmektedirler. Ve durum 2014 senesinden beri daha k\u00f6t\u00fcye gitmektedir, Hindutva\u2019n\u0131n fa\u015fist gruplar\u0131na yani Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh\u2019a (Milli Yurtsever Te\u015fkilat, RSS).garantilenen cezas\u0131zl\u0131k ile. 1925 senesinde kurulan bu paramiliter hareketin siyasi bir kolu bulunmaktad\u0131r, bu da BJP\u2019dir.<\/p>\n<p>2014 senesindeki genel se\u00e7imlerde BJP, Kongre\u2019den daha fazla oy alm\u0131\u015f ve Modi Ba\u015fbakan olmu\u015ftur. Modi, ne yapaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 Gujarat eyaletinde bakanken g\u00f6stermi\u015fti, \u00f6zelle\u015ftirmelere gitmi\u015fti ve 900 ila 2000 ki\u015finin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc M\u00fcsl\u00fcman katliamlar\u0131n\u0131 cesaretlendirmi\u015fti. Modi, beynelmilel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte burjuvazinin gericili\u011fe, dincili\u011fe, militarizme ve yabanc\u0131 aleyhtarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kaymas\u0131n\u0131n ifadesidir, ki \u0130srail\u2019de Netanyahu, M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da El-Sisi, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Erdo\u011fan, Macaristan\u2019da Orb\u00e1n, Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri\u2019nde Trump, Suriye\u2019de o\u011ful Esad, Rusya\u2019da Putin, \u00c7in\u2019de \u015ei, Filipinler\u2019de Duterte, Brezilya\u2019da Bolsonaro, Bolivya\u2019da \u00c1\u00f1ez buna \u00f6rnektirler. \u00dcniversitelere boyun e\u011fdirilmi\u015ftir. Sadece 2018 senesinde 6 gazeteci \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p>Ekonominin yava\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ba\u011flamda (GSMH 2019 senesinde %4,8 artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, halbuki 2018 senesinde bu rakam %6,8 idi) nisan-may\u0131s 2019 genel se\u00e7imlerini kazanmak i\u00e7in g\u00f6revdeki Ba\u015fbakan Modi ile partisi, emniyet\u00e7i, milliyet\u00e7i, dinci, militarist demagojide art\u0131\u015fa gitmi\u015flerdir. BJP, Lok Sabha\u2019da (Hindistan&#8217;\u0131n iki meclisli Parlamentosu&#8217;nun alt kanad\u0131)  mutlak ekseriyet (543 \u00fczerinden 303 milletvekili) elinde olacak \u015fekilde se\u00e7imleri kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>1947 senesindeki b\u00f6l\u00fcnme s\u0131ras\u0131nda, n\u00fcfusunu esasen M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu Cemmu ve Ke\u015fmir mihracesi Hari Singh, Hint Birli\u011fi\u2019ne b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apta \u00f6zerklik muhafaza edebilmek \u015fart\u0131yla kat\u0131lmaya karar vermi\u015fti. Hindistan Anayasas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 370. maddesi uyar\u0131nca, Yeni Delhi Parlamentosu taraf\u0131ndan kabul edilen kanunlar Ke\u015fmir\u2019de savunma, d\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri, finans ve ileti\u015fim alanlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmez. Temmuz 2019 sonunda, Hint devleti, Cemmu ve Ke\u015fmir\u2019e zaten mevcut 700000 asker ve polise ek olarak birlikler g\u00f6ndermi\u015ftir (50000 asker) ve ecnebileri b\u00f6lgeden \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. A\u011fustos ay\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda mobil ileti\u015fim kesilmi\u015f, okullar kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, b\u00f6lgenin bir k\u0131sm\u0131nda soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kma yasa\u011f\u0131 ilan edilmi\u015f ve t\u00fcm partilerin y\u00f6neticileri ev hapsine al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 4000 ki\u015fi g\u00f6zalt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yasal b\u00fcy\u00fck i\u015f\u00e7i partilerinin yani HKP ve HKP-M parlamenterleri Cemmu ve Ke\u015fmir\u2019e gitmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131nda Modi ile Ajit Doval\u2019in polisleri taraf\u0131ndan geri \u00e7evrilmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n<p>5 a\u011fustos tarihinde, BJP\u2019nin i\u00e7i\u015fleri bakan\u0131 olan Amit Shah, federal Senato olan Rajya Sabha\u2019ya Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 370. maddesini iptal eden bir kanun tasar\u0131s\u0131 sunmu\u015ftur. Bu tasar\u0131, \u00fc\u00e7te ikilik bir ekseriyet ile kabul edilmi\u015ftir. 7,5 milyon Ke\u015fmirliye ise fikirleri sorulmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Cemmu ve Ke\u015fmir\u2019in \u00f6zerkli\u011fi ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, eski eyalet parlamentolar\u0131 bulunmayan iki \u201cBirlik b\u00f6lgesi\u201d olarak b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f ve merkezi h\u00fckumetin otoritesine tabi olmu\u015flard\u0131r. Bundan b\u00f6yle di\u011fer eyaletlerden gelen Hintliler, Ke\u015fmir\u2019de toprak sat\u0131n alabilecek, Ke\u015fmir idaresinde i\u015f bulabilecek ve orada ikamet ediyorlarsa yerel se\u00e7imlerde oy kullanabileceklerdir.<\/p>\n<p>31 a\u011fustos 2019 tarihinde kuzey do\u011fudaki Assam eyaletinde BJP 2 milyon M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u2019\u0131 vatanda\u015fl\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nisan 2020&#8217;de ulusal vatanda\u015flar\u0131n sicilini (NRC) t\u00fcm \u00fclkeye yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rmak istemektedir.<\/p>\n<p>11 aral\u0131k tarihinde, Modi-Shah h\u00fckumeti vatanda\u015fl\u0131k kanununu  de\u011fi\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA), Hindistan vatanda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 Afganistan, Pakistan ve Banglade\u015f k\u00f6kenli alt\u0131 dine mensup m\u00fcltecilere a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f ancak M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hindistan\u2019da ziyarette bulunan Amerikan Ba\u015fkan\u0131 bunu g\u00f6rmezden gelmi\u015ftir: \u201cBundan bahsedildi\u011fini duydum, ancak mevzuyu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmedik, bu Hindistan\u2019\u0131n i\u00e7i\u015fidir\u201d (Donald Trump, 25 \u015fubat)<\/p>\n<h3>Muhalifler polis ve fa\u015fist gruplar\u0131n bask\u0131s\u0131na maruz kalmaktad\u0131r<\/h3>\n<p>Hindistan n\u00fcfusunun %14\u2019\u00fcn\u00fc M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r, bu da 200 milyon ki\u015fiye denk gelir. Polis, Delhi, Lucknow, Kanpur, Meerut\u2026 \u00fcniversiteleri ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman mahallelerindeki protestolar\u0131 \u015fiddetle bast\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 15 aral\u0131k tarihinde polis Yeni Delhi kentindeki Camia Millia \u0130slamiya \u00fcniversitesini i\u015fgal etmi\u015f, k\u00fct\u00fcphaneyi imha etmi\u015f, \u00f6\u011frencileri coplam\u0131\u015f ve ger\u00e7ek mermilerle ate\u015f a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hapse at\u0131lanlara bazen yemek verilmemi\u015ftir. Aral\u0131k ay\u0131nda polis toplamda 27 ki\u015fiyi \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p>5 ocak tarihinde, BJP\u2019nin \u00f6\u011frenci kolu yani ABVP, Yeni Delhi\u2019deki M\u00fcsl\u00fcman olmayan ancak Hindu fanatizmine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan Jawaharlal Nehru \u00fcniversitesine sald\u0131r\u0131da bulunmu\u015ftur. E\u015fk\u0131yalar \u00fc\u00e7 saat boyunca \u00f6\u011frenci ve hocalara \u015fiddet uygulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, bunun neticesi olarak 30 kadar ki\u015fi a\u011f\u0131r yaralanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve buna \u00fcniversite har\u00e7lar\u0131yla bar\u0131nma masraflar\u0131n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 artmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele etmekte olan \u00fcniversitenin \u00f6nde gelen sendikas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fkan\u0131 Aishe Ghosh\u2019da dahil olmu\u015ftur. D\u0131\u015far\u0131da bulunan polis ise hi\u00e7bir m\u00fcdahalede bulunmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Hindistan\u2019da 520 milyon emek\u00e7i bulunmaktad\u0131r, ki bunlar\u0131n sadece %6 ila %7\u2019si kay\u0131tl\u0131 \u015firketlerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r ve sadece %2\u2019si sendika mensubudur. CTU, yani 10 sendika konfederasyonunun ittifak\u0131 (INTUC, AITUC, HMS, CITU, AIUTUC, TUCC, SEWA, AICCTU, LPF, UTUC) h\u00fckumetin i\u015f\u00e7i kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 siyasetine, \u00f6zelle\u015ftirmelere, i\u015f hukukunun g\u00fcvensizle\u015ftirilmesine kar\u015f\u0131 ve 21000 rupilik asgari maa\u015f talebiyle 8 ocak 2020 tarihinde bir \u201cbharat bandh\u201d(yani genel grev, i\u015fin asl\u0131nda sadece bir eylem g\u00fcn\u00fc) \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulunmu\u015ftur. Bu \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131ya kat\u0131lmayan tek sendika, yani BMS, BJP\u2019nin kontrol\u00fcndedir. Ancak \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131, i\u015f\u00e7i partileri, \u00f6\u011frenci sendikalar\u0131 ve bir\u00e7ok dernek taraf\u0131ndan desteklenmi\u015ftir. 8 ocak tarihinden evvel, CTU \u00fcniversitedeki \u015fiddete kar\u015f\u0131 protestoda bulunmu\u015ftur. Grev, 180 milyon maa\u015fl\u0131 emek\u00e7i, \u00f6\u011frenci ve fakir k\u00f6yl\u00fcy\u00fc kapsam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bilhassa do\u011fudaki Bengal b\u00f6lgesinde ve g\u00fcneydeki Kerala\u2019da greve i\u015ftirak y\u00fcksek olmu\u015ftur: toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma, otomobil fabrikalar\u0131, k\u00f6m\u00fcr madenleri, j\u00fct tarlalar\u0131, bankalar, devlet taraf\u0131ndan finanse edilen k\u0131rsal g\u00fcnl\u00fck bak\u0131m a\u011f\u0131 (Angwadi Services), elektrik hizmetleri\u2026 \u00dclkenin kalan\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok banka ile toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma a\u011f\u0131 grevden etkilenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>16 aral\u0131k tarihinde, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n ekseriyette olduklar\u0131 dar gelirli Shaeen Bag mahallesinde y\u00fczlerce kad\u0131n NRC ve CAA\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131, polis ile fa\u015fistlerin \u015fiddetine kar\u015f\u0131 protestoda bulunmu\u015f ve Yeni Delhi\u2019nin 6 \u015feritli otoban\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fgal etmi\u015flerdir (Road 13A). 26 ocak 2020 tarihinde bir g\u00f6steri Hindistan bayra\u011f\u0131 ve milli mar\u015f\u0131 etraf\u0131nda Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6ns\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc ta\u015f\u0131yan 100000 ki\u015fiyi bulu\u015fturmu\u015ftur. BJP\u2019nin yerel lideri i\u015fgalcileri Amerikan Ba\u015fkan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ziyareti \u00f6ncesi bizzat bo\u015faltma tehdidinde bulunmu\u015ftur. 11 \u015fubat tarihinde, Delhi\u2019deki yerel se\u00e7imler s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck imk\u00e2nlarla \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 ve yobaz bir kampanya y\u00fcr\u00fctm\u00fc\u015f olan BJP, %39\u2019luk oy oran\u0131yla 2015 senesinden beri b\u00f6lgeyi y\u00f6netmekte olan ve reylerin %54\u2019\u00fcn\u00fc alm\u0131\u015f olan yerel partiye yani AAP\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 se\u00e7imleri kaybetmi\u015ftir. Trump, Modi\u2019yi alenen \u201cfevkalade bir lider\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlarken, 23 ve 24 \u015fubat tarihlerinde y\u00fczlerce RSS e\u015fk\u0131yas\u0131  ba\u015fkentin kuzey do\u011fusundaki (M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ve Hindu\u2019lar\u0131n beraber ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131) \u201ckarma mahallelere\u201d sald\u0131rm\u0131\u015flar ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara ait ara\u00e7, d\u00fckkan ile bir\u00e7ok evi yok etmi\u015flerdir ve bunu yaparken 34 ki\u015finin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne ve 330 ki\u015finin yaralanmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015flard\u0131r, (federal h\u00fckumetin otoritesindeki) bir\u00e7ok polis bu olaylar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda pasif kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Fa\u015fistler, polis m\u00fcdahalesi olmadan birka\u00e7 saat boyunca ambulanslar\u0131 hastane yak\u0131n\u0131nda engellemi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n<h3>Ke\u015fmir\u2019in kendi kaderini kendi belirlemesi hakk\u0131, laiklik ve i\u015f\u00e7i ile k\u00f6yl\u00fc h\u00fckumeti i\u00e7in<\/h3>\n<p>Hindistan\u2019da i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ile ayd\u0131nlar \u00fczerinde Stalincili\u011fin zehirli miras\u0131, sosyalist ihtilali \u00e7ok sonraya atan \u201cdemokratik etab\u0131\u201d, s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclenleri burjuvazinin \u015fu veya bu fraksiyonuna tabi b\u0131rakan \u201cemperyalizm kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 birle\u015fik cephesi\u201d veya \u201chalk cephesi\u201d, \u015fef i\u00e7in ki\u015filik k\u00fclt\u00fc, i\u015f\u00e7i hareketi i\u00e7inde iftira ve \u015fiddetin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 h\u00e2l\u00e2 etkisini g\u00f6stermektedir,<\/p>\n<p>Esas zorluk, 1938 senesinde reformist y\u00f6netimlere kar\u015f\u0131 kurulan 4. Enternasyonal\u2019in 1950\u2019li y\u0131llarda Stalincili\u011fin, burjuva milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fin ve sosyal demokrasinin bask\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda k\u0131ta par\u00e7as\u0131ndaki b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri de (BLPI, LSSP) \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne \u00e7ekerek yok olmu\u015f olmas\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Bundan beri, 4. Enternasyonal\u2019in havarileri reformizm ve merkezcili\u011fe yuvarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mesela, Lambert\u00e7i bir \u201c4. Enternasyonal\u201d (Gluckstein\u2019in CORQI\u2019si) kas\u0131m 2017 tarihinde Hindistan\u2019da program\u0131 masonlar\u0131n, reformist siyaset\u00e7ilerin ve sendikal b\u00fcrokratlar\u0131n i\u00e7i bo\u015f s\u00f6ylemlerine indirgenmi\u015f bir \u201cEnternasyonal \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Komitesi\u201d kurmu\u015ftur: \u201cbarbarl\u0131\u011fa, harbe ve uluslar\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131\u201d.<\/p>\n<p><quote class=\"citations\">\u0130htilalci vazifeleri y\u00fcksek sesle dile getirmeye cesaret edemeyen birisi, asla bu vazifeleri yerine getirme cesaretini g\u00f6steremez. (Tro\u00e7ki, 4. Enternasyonal \u0130\u00e7in, 1935)<\/quote><\/p>\n<p>Uluslar\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131na m\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131? Ulusun birli\u011fi, bask\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen ve yar\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fclen s\u0131n\u0131flara boyun e\u011fdirmek i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir efsanedir. T\u00fcm \u00fclkelerin bilin\u00e7li emek\u00e7ileri buna kendi s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadeleleriyle, yerel burjuvaziye kar\u015f\u0131 emek\u00e7i ve alt s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekmek i\u00e7in m\u00fccadeleleriyle kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fini bilmektedirler. Hindistan k\u0131ta par\u00e7as\u0131nda proletarya, harekete ge\u00e7ti\u011finde Sri Lanka, Hindistan, Pakistan ve Banglade\u015f hudutlar\u0131n\u0131 tarihe g\u00f6mecektir.<\/p>\n<p><quote class=\"citations\">Sosyalizmin her halka istiklal, h\u00fcrriyet ve kendi kaderini kendisi tayin etme hakk\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 do\u011frudur. Fakat mevcut kapitalist devletleri kendi kaderini tayin hakk\u0131n\u0131n ifadesi olarak sunmak sosyalizmle hakikaten dalga ge\u00e7mek anlam\u0131na gelir. (L\u00fcksemburg, Sosyal demokrasinin krizi, 1915)<\/quote><\/p>\n<p>\u015eimdiden, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00fc\u00e7 devlet aras\u0131nda (Hindistan, Pakistan, \u00c7in) par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015f olan Ke\u015fmir\u2019in ezilen halk\u0131na kendi kaderini kendisi tayin etme hakk\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mal\u0131d\u0131r, ki buna istiklal hakk\u0131 da dahildir.<\/p>\n<p><quote class=\"citations\">Emperyalizm \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda milli bask\u0131n\u0131n kuvvetlenmesi, uluslar\u0131n ayr\u0131lma h\u00fcrriyeti i\u00e7in burjuvazinin iddia etti\u011fi gibi \u201c\u00fctopik\u201d m\u00fccadeleyi terk etmeyi de\u011fil, tam aksine bu alanda da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacak \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 kitle eylemi ve burjuvaziye kar\u015f\u0131 ihtilalci g\u00f6steriler i\u00e7in en iyi \u015fekilde kald\u0131ra\u00e7 gibi kullanmay\u0131 gerektirir. (Lenin, Sosyalist devrim ve uluslar\u0131n kendi kaderlerini tayin hakk\u0131, 1916)<\/quote><\/p>\n<p>Sulha gelince, bu sadece proleter ihtilal, emek\u00e7ilerin silahlanmas\u0131, Hindistan\u2019da emek\u00e7i konseylerinin iktidar\u0131 vas\u0131tas\u0131yla ve G\u00fcney Asya Sosyalist Federasyonu kurulmas\u0131yla elde edilebilir.<\/p>\n<p><quote class=\"citations\">K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck burjuva bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131ll\u0131\u011f\u0131 bar\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00f6zel, proletaryan\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, sosyalist devrim d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yollarla g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na alman\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olaca\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fcnden ba\u015flar.  (Tro\u00e7ki, Emperyalist harp ve k\u00fcresel proleter ihtilal, 1940)<\/quote><\/p>\n<p>Hindistan\u2019da mevcut Marksist gruplar en k\u0131sa zamanda beynelmilel \u00f6nc\u00fcler ile ili\u015fki halinde t\u00fcm devlette ihtilalci proleter bir te\u015fkilat olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in bulu\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131rlar. Ve k\u0131sa vadede t\u00fcm i\u015f\u00e7i (HKP, HKP-M, AITUC, CITU, HMS, INTUC\u2026) k\u00f6yl\u00fc ve \u00f6\u011frenci te\u015fkilatlar\u0131n\u0131n birle\u015fik cephesi i\u00e7in, ekonomik talepler i\u00e7in, bununla beraber Cemmu ve Ke\u015fmir\u2019in \u00f6zerkli\u011fi i\u00e7in, kolluk kuvvetlerinin geri \u00e7ekilmeleri i\u00e7in, Assam eyaletinde vatanda\u015fl\u0131ktan at\u0131lan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara vatanda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n iadesi i\u00e7in, devlet ve dinin ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, kad\u0131nlar ile erkekler aras\u0131nda e\u015fitlik i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele etmelidirler.<\/p>\n<p><center>15 mart 2020<\/center><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>K\u0131ta par\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n siyasi par\u00e7alanmas\u0131 ba\u015ftan sona gericidir D\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fteki kapitalizm taraf\u0131ndan ku\u015fat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan ve emperyalist \u00e7eli\u015fkilere saplanm\u0131\u015f geri kalm\u0131\u015f bir devletin istiklali ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olarak yar\u0131 hayali olacakt\u0131r, siyasi rejimi ise d\u0131\u015f&#8230; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.revolucionpermanente.com\/turk\/2020\/03\/15\/hindistan-irkci-modinin-musluman-karsiti-politikasi\/\">Daha fazlas\u0131 &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-285","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revolucionpermanente.com\/turk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/285","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revolucionpermanente.com\/turk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revolucionpermanente.com\/turk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revolucionpermanente.com\/turk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revolucionpermanente.com\/turk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=285"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.revolucionpermanente.com\/turk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/285\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":286,"href":"https:\/\/www.revolucionpermanente.com\/turk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/285\/revisions\/286"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.revolucionpermanente.com\/turk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=285"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revolucionpermanente.com\/turk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=285"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.revolucionpermanente.com\/turk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=285"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}